 Looking from a distance,
Western Hill Forest Park looks like a giant sleeping Buddha or a
sleeping beauty lying on her back along the Dianchi Lake. For
this, it is also known as “sleeping Buddha Mountain” or simply
“sleeping beauty”. It is a renowned Taoist resort area and is best
known for the Dragon Gate.
Western Hill is located
on Biji shan (Green Peacock Mountain), named for of its lush
vegetation. It lies on the west bank of Dianchi Lake, which
is nicknamed "the Pearl on Plateau", and is 12 KM (7.5 miles) from
the Kunming urban area. As early as during the Ming Dynasty,
about 400 years ago, Kunming Western Hills has been praised as one
of the four most popular mountains with beautiful landscapes,
together with mountains like Xiushan Mountain (Beauty Mountain) in
Tonghai County Yuxi City, WeibaoShan Mountain (Treasure Mountain)
in Weishan County Dali Prefecture, and Jizu Shan Mountain (Chick
Feet Mountain).
The main
scenic spots from this area are Huating Temple, Sangqing Temple,
Dragon Gate and the Tomb of Nie.
The
Huating Temple is about half way up to Western Hill Dragon Gate
from downtown Kunming and is 2,050 meters (6,725 feet) above sea
level. The Buddhist temple building was designed and constructed
by a local monk, Xu Yun, in 1920 following the typical so-called
Buddhist architectural style of the “seven guardian buildings”.
The temple is regarded as one of the most magnificent Buddhist
monasteries in Kunming.
Along the
way up to Dragon Gate, the landmark of Western Hill, is the
Sanqing Taoist Temple in a range of ancient architectural temple
buildings constructed on the steep cliffs of the Luohan (Buddhist
Arhat) Mountain. Sanqing is believed to the highest state of
Taoism self-cultivation. In the Yuan Dynasty, about 800 years ago,
it used to serve as a summer palace for the Lord Liang, a local
war lord based in Yunnan. During the regime of Emperor Qianlong
and the Daoguang period of China's Qing Dynasty about 200 years
ago and after, it was gradually extended into the largest complex
of Taoist temple buildings in Yunnan province.
Ascending
narrow and zigzagging tunnels and passages on the cliffs, you
arrive at the Dragon Gate, which stands here at an elevation of
2,414 meters (7,919 feet) above sea level. From the vantage
point on Louhan Mountain you can have a grand view of the Dianchi
Lake. The whole project which enabled people to reach here from
the bottom of Louhan mountain along the steep cliff was completed
by bare human hands and took a tremendous effort for 72 years,
i.e. from the year of China's Qing Dynasty Emperor Qianlong’s
regime (in 1781) until another emperor, Xianfeng, came to power in
1853.
The fascination of this
place lies in the vivid and delicate carving of Taoist deities in
the cave of Datiange (reaching heaven pavilion) Pavilion. The
legend tells us how precise and serious they were about their
work. It is said that one of chief artisans who was responsible
for carving the deity of literature, one of the main statutes of
Datian Provision, mistakenly broke the tip of the brush pen in the
hand of the literature deity when he had almost finished his
masterpiece. Regretful and ashamed for the mistake, he
jumped from the cliff and died.
The Dragon Gate of
Western Hills explains the Chinese emphases on education. The
statue of literature deity communicated this idea. He is believed
to be a god responsible for intelligence and promotion. The idea
of the Dragon Gate is that there are millions of carps trying to
jump over this gate, and if they succeed, they become dragons. As
an acknowledgment the literature deity would dot their forehead
with his brush pen. Actually this was the reflection of China's
ancient empirical examination system. Back then, scholars studied
for most of their youth with the hope that they would pass the
examination and become one the few civil servants for the state.
Like carp jumping over the dragon gate, they could become
prominent figures which are symbolized by dragons in Chinese
culture. So for a long time, Dragon Gate has been regarded as the
pilgrimage site for students and their parents hoping that good
luck would accompany them as they worship the literature deity.
Standing
on the platform of Datiange Pavillion and looking forward from the
steep cliffs, the panoramic view of Dianchi Lake is as beautiful
as it can be. It is as if the lake is seemingly emerging into the
sky. This is the best scene of the Western Hills especially in the
morning when the sun rises up from the horizon.
At the bottom of Sanqing
Taoist temple is the Nie Er Tomb. Nie Er (1912-1935) was a
talented musician born in Kunming. He was the composer of the
national anthem of the People’s Republic of China during China's
war against the Japanese. The tomb was constructed as a memorial
of his achievements.
You can take buses
number 6 and -6 to Western Hill Forest Park. You can take tourist
buses at Yunnan which go to Western Hill. There are cable cars
available for you from Yunnan Ethnic Village, which will cost 30
RMB. The admission fee for Western Hill, most of the time referred
to as Dragon Gate, is 30 RMB
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